On Monday (1/22) Vermont became the ninth U.S. state to legalize recreational marijuana use on Monday. Republican Governor Phil Scott signed a bill passed by the legislature earlier this month,

Today, with mixed emotions, I have signed H. 511.”

The law legalizes marijuana possession of up to 1 ounce, two mature plants, and up to four immature plants. No one under 21 may possess marijuana and the new law does not trade in the drug. Governor Scott noted that he vetoed the earlier version of the bill that would have allowed sales of the marijuana.

Eight other states have legalized marijuana use as a result of voter initiatives. What makes this law unique is that the law was passed through legislation and not by ballot initiative. Vermont is one of 23 states in the nation that don’t allow ballot initiatives.

The Law Needs Work

The law contains some tricky use of the word “or” that confuses the issue.

Also: In some places the law says an adult may possess two mature plants or four immature plants. In other places the law says an adult may possess two mature and four immature plants.

Also also: The law mentions “hashish” but makes no mention of edibles, topicals, concentrates like shatter or wax (is “hashish” a catchall?), vape oil, tinctures, or any other common cannabis products. The use of “hashish” makes it seem like the legislators who wrote the law time-traveled to the 1970s to learn about cannabis.” – Leafly

Leafly went through the final language of the bill and come up with the handy guide.

What to Know Before You Go…and Consume

The new law:

• Removes all criminal and civil penalties for possession of one ounce or less of marijuana, or more than five grams of hashish, for persons 21 years of age or older. As the law is written, it’s unclear whether this is an either/or situation—in other words, whether you can possess both an ounce of flower and five grams of hash, or whether you’re limited to an ounce or five grams and cannot possess both.
• Does not allow for the commercial cultivation and/or sale of cannabis to persons 21 years of age or older. Vermont’s law is strictly a homegrow, personal-use law as it stands now. The law does, however, mandate that the state make plans to adopt a “comprehensive regulatory structure for legalizing and licensing the marijuana market.” The Governor’s Marijuana Advisory Commission has been directed to report on such a system by Dec. 15, 2018.
• Legalizes the possession of paraphernalia for cannabis use for persons 21 years of age or older.
• Legalizes the cultivation of two mature cannabis plants or four immature plants, for anyone 21 years of age or older. “Immature” means a female plant that has not flowered and does not have visible buds. Those plants must be in an enclosure screened from public view and secure so that access is limited to the cultivator. The cultivation limit applies to each dwelling, regardless of how many residents 21 or older reside in the dwelling. So: One house, two mature plants, period. The law is clear that these plants may be possessed in addition to the one ounce of cannabis flower. The law is not clear about whether a person may possess two mature plants and four immature plants—again with the “or” problem in the law’s language. In some of the law’s sections, two mature or four immature plants may be possessed. In other sections, two mature andfour immature plants may be possessed. Read the rest here.

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Earlier this month Mayor Bill de Blasio announced that New York City is filing suit against all five major oil companies for damages related to climate change.

Millians of Americans drink tap water with radioactive elements at levels that may increase the risk of cancer, according to as systems nationwide analysis of by the Environmental Working Group (EWG).

The study says 171 million Americans deal with this level of contamination in their tap water, which is more than 50% of the population in the U.S.

Radiation in tap water is known to be a serious health threat, especially with pregnancies. The Environmental Protection Agency’s established legal limits for radioactive elements in tap water are badly outdated, but President Trump’s nominee to be the White House environment czar doesn’t see care if systems comply with the standards, as “outdated and inadequate” as they are.

The nominee, Kathleen Hartnett White, former chair of the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, admitted in a 2011 interview that the commission falsified data to make it appear that communities with excessive radiation levels were below the EPA’s limit. She said she did not “believe the science of health effects” to which the EPA subscribes, placing “far more trust” in the work of the TCEQ, which has a reputation of setting polluter-friendly state standards and casually enforcing federal standards.

EWG’s Tap Water Database compiles results of water quality tests for nearly 50,000 utilities nationwide. EWG mapped the nationwide occurrence of radium which is the most common radioactive element found in tap water.

From 2010 to 2015, more than 22,000 utilities serving over 170 million people in all 50 states reported the presence of radium in their water.” EWG

Related Reading: What’s the Best Water for Detoxifying and For Drinking?

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The ibuprofen dosage commonly taken by high-level male athletes can afflict their testicles with a condition seen often in elderly men and linked to lower fertility.

According to a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, heavy daily usage of the ibuprofen “alters human testicular physiology” which results in a disorder called compensated hypogonadism.

Must Read: How To Heal Your Gut

The study involved 31 men under the age of 35 and took place in Denmark and France. They looked at 1,200 milligrams of ibuprofen daily, which is the maximum limit to be taken regularly as directed. Within two weeks the amount of testosterone production was contingent upon the amount of ibuprofen in their blood. This disorder is also linked to depression and strokes.

We report a univocal depression of important aspects of testicular function, including testosterone production, after use of over-the-counter ibuprofen.”

Related: Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen – Why They All Are Unsafe

Symptoms are reversible when the ibuprofen was taken for a brief amount of time. More research is needed to understand effects of taking such ibuprofen dosages over longer periods like athletes often do.

Source:

• Ibuprofen use linked male infertility study finds

Vermont is set to legalize adult use of marijuana. The House of Representatives voted on the 11th of Janurary to legalize possession and home cultivation of marijuana plants. The measure would not allow marijuana sales, but the Green Mountain State is poised to make history as the first state in the nation to legalize marijuana by legislation, as opposed to being done by the popular vote. Vermount will become the ninth state in the country to allow recreational marijuana.

Every other state, California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, Maine and Massachusetts, along with Washington, D.C., bypassed reluctant lawmakers to legalize recreational marijuana via ballot initiative.

Republican Gov. Phil Scott is planning to sign the bill this week. The legislation would allow adults (21 and up)  to possess up to one ounce of marijuana or five grams of hash, and for the cultivation of up to two mature and four immature plants in one’s home. It would remain illegal to smoke cannabis in a public place or while operating a vehicle.

The bill doesn’t permit commercial sales.

All eight states that legalized marijuana via ballot initiatives have or will soon have regulated sales and cultivation up and running. Only Washington D.C., which legalized adult use in 2014, doesn’t have a regulated market. While selling cannabis products is technically not permitted in D.C., a thriving ‘gift economy’ has emerged thanks to a loophole: A store can sell a T-shirt for $45, and give some cannabis as a ‘gift’ with the purchase.”

Sources:

• Vermont Senate gives final OK to marijuana bill, governor’s desk next – USA Today
• Vermont Is the First State to Legalize Marijuana Through Legislation – Freedom Leaf

United States children are 70 percent to die before adulthood than kids born into modern, wealthy democratic countries, according to the new Health Affairs study.

The research indicates that since 1961, more than 600,000 children would have been saved by having been born in another wealthy country.

In all the wealthy, democratic countries we studied children are dying less often then they were 50 years ago. But we found that children are dying more often in the United States than in any similar country.” – Ashish Thakrar, the study’s lead author

It really seems to be the impact of our fragmented health care system,” Thakrar says. “Mothers who are qualifying for Medicaid for the first time because they’re mothers might be seeing doctors for the first time. They might not have a family physician, or a clear support system.”

Between 2001 and 2010, researchers found a 76 percent increased of death for infants in the U.S. compared to 19 peer countries. The US also maintains an infant death rate from extreme prematurity three times that of its peer countries. Read more at Vox.com

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Honey bees seem to be attracted to the chemicals that are killing them. based on experiments showing the bees preferred sugar water laced with chemicals known to cause problems for bees over sugar water alone. These findings published in the journal Scientific Reports suggest that herbicides and fungicides pose a greater risk to pollinators than previously assumed.

Scientists found that forager bees were drawn to the fungicide chlorothalonil and the herbicide ingredient glyphosate, found in Monsanto’s Roundup, at certain concentrations.” – Honey bees Love Chemicles That Are Killing Them

The nectar that a bee brings back to the hive will effect on the health of the entire colony. Insecticides have been shown to shorten the lifespans of exposed bees and disrupt organization of the hive. Past research shows that chlorothalonil can inhibit a fungal parasite called Nosema bombi that affects bumblebees. Glyphosate has been shown to potentially affect the ability of bees to navigate.

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The bees are not only not avoiding this fungicide [chlorothalonil], they’re consuming more of it at certain concentrations. People assume that fungicides affect only fungi, but fungi are much more closely related to animals than they are to plants. And toxins that disrupt physiological processes in fungi can also potentially affect them in animals, including insects.” – May Berenbau

The bees in the study were given the choice between a plain sugar syrup and a sweet mixture blended with several fungicides and herbicides at different concentrations. There were also feeders with the sugar water mixed with naturally occurring chemicals.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQkIeN56dt0