What do these three scenarios have in common?

1. Road rage when someone cuts you off
2. Running away from a hungry lion
3. Reacting to criticism about your most deeply held beliefs

Surely road rage can’t have anything to do with being chased by a wild animal that weighs 2-4 times more than you. And how could either of the first two scenarios have anything to do with being criticized? Let’s think about it.

Our Top Priority

Our top priority is survival. In order to ensure survival, we rely on portions of our brain, like the amygdala, to identify threats and respond to them quickly. Our response to a threat is estimated to take only 12 thousandths of a second. The response is so fast that your heart starts racing, your blood pressure rises, and you start reacting emotionally before you even can consciously realize what is happening. You may even do things that leave you asking yourself, “What was I thinking?”

The Amygdala Hijack

In his bestselling book, Emotional Intelligence, Daniel Goleman refers to this response as the “amygdala hijack”. One of the most famous amygdala hijacks was when worldwide soccer role model, Zinedine Zidane, headbutted Italian soccer player, Marco Materazzi, in the 2006 World Cup Finals.

Zidane shows us a perfect example of what happens when our rational mind is hijacked by our amygdala. But how can a man go from calmly jogging away to headbutting another man in the chest just a couple seconds later?

It’s the same thing that makes you want to get revenge on the person who cut you off or run away from imminent danger. It is also the same thing that activates when your deeply held beliefs are criticized and condemned.

The (Not So) Sympathetic Nervous System

You are driving on the highway, listening to your favorite song. You’re dancing, singing, and doing whatever it is that you do when no one is looking. Then someone merges into your lane without warning. In less than a second, you go from a state of bliss to wanting to kill the person who just threatened your life. Your heart beats harder and faster, your blood pressure and breathing rate increase, your adrenal glands secrete the stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine, and you are ready for battle!

This is what happens every time your sympathetic nervous system is activated. This reaction is commonly referred to as the “fight or flight” response, and it is activated when your brain registers something as a threat.

This response seems overly exaggerated, especially in the context of modern life, but if you consider the environment that we evolved to survive in, it becomes clear why we are wired this way.

Imagine you are foraging for some fresh fruit and suddenly you hear the crumbling of leaves behind you. In less than a second, your amygdala receives the message from your thalamus (the part of the part the brain that relays sensory signals), defines it as a threat, and activates the sympathetic nervous system. As you turn around to see whether if it is a lion or a mouse, your heart is already racing to prepare your body to sprint for your life. If it’s a lion, your body is ready to run away. If it’s a harmless little mouse, you may feel anxious for a couple minutes, but at least you are still alive. You are much better off reacting as if “that’s an animal that will kill me” than “it’s probably just a little mouse.”

Related: The Gut-Brain Connection – How it Affects Your Life

Perceived or Real, It Is Still a Threat.

For most of us who are reading this right now, our safety is almost always guaranteed. So why do we still get stressed?

Let’s go back to the beginning of the article. Each scenario we discussed has one thing in common – a threat. A threat is anything that we think could be threatening to our well-being.  This can include anything from an unexpected noise to a negative criticism about our work. Even a random thought that we have while we are on the verge of falling asleep can be perceived as a threat. As soon as a threat is perceived, our brain fires up our sympathetic nervous system so that we can take action now.

The Origin of Our Perceived Threats

In the first couple years of life, around 1,000 new neural connections are formed every second. This is a fancy way of saying that when we are babies all we do is learn. We learn how to use this sack of meat, bones, and organs that we call a body. We learn about our environment and the people in it and how to get food and safety from them.

From birth through our teenage years, our limbic system (the emotional center of the brain) is constantly undergoing development. This development is shaped by our genes and our past experiences whether they are vicarious or personal. Our future emotional responses are shaped primarily during this phase of development.

Survival First, Happiness Second

As we are developing, our brain is constantly looking for threats to our survival. When there is a risk involved with a certain stimulus, like a thought, sound, taste, or feeling, our amygdala will be triggered so that we can have a fighting chance to survive. Unfortunately, the rational part of our brain is not fully developed until our mid-20s, so the threats that we react to rarely have a rational basis. This is why a seemingly abstract stimulus like the sound of rain may trigger relaxation for one person while the same sound activates the sympathetic nervous system in another.

Anything can be perceived as a threat and trigger a sympathetic response. Many of us live in this state of fight or flight all day long without realizing it, continuing to react to perceived threats as if they are life threatening. On top of that, most of us start our day with a caffeinated beverage like coffee, which activates our sympathetic nervous system even more. Adding caffeine to a body that is already chronically reacting to threats is the perfect recipe for chronic stress, chronic tension, and chronic pain.

Chronic Stress and Chronic Pain

According to the CDC, as of 2012, about half of all adults have one or more chronic diseases. Most, if not all, of these chronic diseases are partially caused by and worsened by chronic stress. Chronic stress is also one of the major causes of chronic pain.

However, stress is necessary for health. For example, exercise is a way of stressing the body that is essential for our well-being. Being exposed to the cold is another stress on the body that leads to positive health benefits. But if you go to the arctic circle and run without stopping, you will quickly perish.

Related: Understanding Stress, Chronic Stress, and Adrenal Fatigue

This is because stress is only good when it is followed by relaxation and recovery. Stress is bad when it becomes chronic. Stress becomes chronic when the body has no opportunity to rest and recover because it is too busy responding to threats. If the body is constantly responding to threats, it can never heal, adapt, and grow, which leads to chronic disease and chronic pain.

Related: What Causes Chronic Inflammation, and How To Stop It For Good

Your Body’s Natural Healing System

To balance the effects of stress that are caused by the sympathetic nervous system, we have another branch of the nervous system that triggers our body to rest and digest called the parasympathetic nervous system. When our environment is free from potential threats, our parasympathetic nervous system takes over.

One of the most important aspects of the parasympathetic nervous system is the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve is the longest cranial nerve. It wanders through the center of the body, innervating most of the major organs. When your vagus nerve is active, it reduces your heart rate, improves your digestive function from your mouth to your large intestine, and increases your sense of safety and comfort with yourself and others. Combine this with the benefits of not feeling stressed, and a sense of peace washes over you, peace that you would never feel if you listened to that angry voice that said to headbutt that terrible driver in the chest.

Reacting to your triggers will only lead to an even greater stress response now and in the future. The best way to control your stress response is by consciously activating your parasympathetic nervous system.

How to Activate Your Parasympathetic Nervous System:

Mammalian Dive Reflex & a Bowl of Water

All mammals have the mammalian dive reflex. This automatic reflex activates as soon as our face is immersed in water. Its purpose is to prepare us for extended periods of time underwater by activating the parasympathetic nervous system via the vagus nerve while restricting blood flow to the major organs. To take advantage of the benefits of this natural reflex, all you have to do is submerge your face in water for as long as you comfortably can.

Smell an Essential Oil

Obviously, carrying a bowl of water around isn’t practical. Fortunately, there are other options. Smell is the only sense that isn’t processed by the thalamus (the gatekeeper of the brain). This is why certain smells can bring up vivid memories and change how you feel in an instant. Some smells that are known to increase relaxation are from the essential oils chamomile, rose, patchouli, and lavender, but there are tons of essential oils to choose from. Find what works for you and carry these with you to help handle stress throughout the day. You can also diffuse essential oils before you sleep and while you meditate.

Start Meditating!

Meditation is a powerful antidote to stress and suffering because it shows you that you do not have to react to your every thought and emotion. By taking the time to meditate, you give yourself permission to stop reacting, which keeps you from firing up your sympathetic nervous system. With enough time, meditation can give you the ability to choose what you react to, sparing your sympathetic nervous system for when you need it most.

Human Connection & Oxytocin

Intimate conversation, hugs, massages, kisses, and sex all trigger the release of a hormone called oxytocin. Oxytocin is a hormone that plays a variety of essential roles in the body, most of them related to love and connection. When we are connecting with people we trust, oxytocin is released. This makes us feel safe and close with them (much more so when physical touch is involved). Oxytocin also decreases the stress response and inhibits the amygdala’s response to threats.

Sound

Singing, humming, and laughing all stimulate the parts of the vagus nerve that innervate your larynx and pharynx, which will trigger a parasympathetic response. If you don’t want to sing, hum, or laugh, you can receive the benefit of sound through music instead. Listening to music can completely change your subjective experience. Some of the profound effects that music has on us can be attributed to how it activates the parasympathetic nervous system. Obviously, choosing the right music is paramount to this technique.

Breathing

Changing how you breathe is something you can do right now to relieve stress and pain. Slow, controlled diaphragmatic breaths stimulate the vagus nerve and decrease sympathetic activity.

You can learn how to breathe properly and discover the 10 profound effects that breathing has on the body.

Food

What we eat changes how we feel. If we eat food that we are allergic to or food that is overly processed and full of toxic chemicals, our sympathetic nervous system will be triggered to deal with the threat of the food.

On the other hand, when we consume a nutritious meal that is full of vitamins and minerals, healthy fats, protein, fiber, and carbohydrates, we feel satiated and happy due to the increased parasympathetic response.

We can also relieve chronic stress by complementing our diets with the natural supplements and herbs mentioned here.

Nature

Nature is a powerful antidote to stress and a parasympathetic nervous system activator. Although one of the best ways to get a dose of nature is to go hiking, just looking at pictures of nature increases vagus nerve activation.

Self Awareness

What do you do when you are on the verge of headbutting that guy in the chest? You can’t meditate.  You don’t have food on hand. You ran out of your favorite essential oil.  You have no music. Hugging him is not an option, but you can use the power of your prefrontal cortex. The prefrontal cortex provides you with the ability to be conscious of your decisions and their consequences. While your amygdala is mobilizing all weapons for war, you can use your prefrontal cortex to bring awareness to the situation.

To develop self-awareness, direct your focus with specific questions. Dr. Relly Nadler suggests asking yourself five simple questions to keep your body from being hijacked by your amygdala:

1. What am I thinking?
2. What am I feeling?
3. What do I want now?
4. How am I getting in my way?
5. What do I need to do differently now?

These questions will help you shift your focus and find a better way to act. If you can’t remember these questions, simply remind yourself of the “future you”. Every one of your actions comes with consequences that the “future you” will be responsible for.

As you change the way you react to perceived threats, the way your brain perceives those threats will change. Eventually, you will only react to circumstances that legitimately threaten your safety and survival.

Other Brain Hijackers to Watch Out For

There are some important things to mention that hijack your brain that are not addressed by activating the parasympathetic nervous system. Three of the most prevalent (and stealthy) brain hijackers are heavy metals, B-vitamin deficiency, and chronic pain.

Heavy Metals

Mercury, arsenic, manganese, cadmium, lead, and aluminum are among many metals that are toxic to the body. Each metal disrupts the body in different ways by creating oxidative stress and deactivating our antioxidant defense processes.

Metals like mercury and lead easily cross the blood brain barrier and create chaos by impairing the function of genes and enzymes related to the health and communication of brain cells. This means that heavy metals can impair almost every function of the brain from memory to decision making and impulse control.

Fortunately, we can counteract the negative effects of heavy metals with natural foods and supplements. Allicin from garlic, anthocyanin/flavonoids from cherries, grapes, and berries, catechins from tea, cocoa, peach, and berries, and circumin from turmeric all act as antioxidants and can either chelate or deactivate heavy metals. Vitamins A, B1, B6, C, and E, as well as spirulina and chlorella also have potent antioxidant effects that can deactivate these heavy metals.

Related: Top 5 Foods that Detox Heavy Metals and Toxins – With Protocol

B-vitamin Deficiency

The brain accounts for 20% of the body’s energy expenditure and B-vitamins allow the brain to use this energy efficiently and effectively. When we are low in B-vitamins it dramatically changes how we live our lives. For example, just a mild deficiency in vitamin B1 can cause irritability, emotional disturbance, and memory loss, a deficiency in vitamin B3, B6, or B7 can cause depression, and a lack of vitamin B9 and B12 accelerates cognitive decline.

If you consume meat, fish, eggs, leafy greens, and green vegetables as part of your diet then you are probably getting enough B-vitamins. However, it may be best to have a vitamin B complex on hand if you are feeling depressed, fatigued, or not as sharp as usual.

Related: Mental Health, Physical Health & B Vitamins – Nature’s Valium

Chronic Pain

Pain changes the brain. When we experience pain our decision-making abilities plummet and dealing with the pain becomes top priority. As pain becomes chronic, it creates subtle changes in our medial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex. This causes a minor change in personality that may be characterized by reduced adaptability and resilience and poor decision making.

To learn more about chronic pain and how to relieve it, read our article on chronic pain.

Save Your Brain from Being Hijacked

Your brain is designed to keep you alive. It will jolt you out of a relaxed state to save your life from a perceived threat, even if it’s just a snake that you saw on a YouTube video. By activating your parasympathetic nervous system, you will be able to control your sympathetic nervous system and prevent amygdala hijack. With practice, you will only use your sympathetic nervous system when it is legitimately warranted.

Heavy metals, a deficiency of B-vitamins, and chronic pain can also stealthily hijack your brain. Foods like garlic, turmeric, berries, and chocolate and vitamins A, B1, B6, C, and E can keep heavy metals from damaging your body and brain. It is also important to ensure adequate B-vitamin intake by eating meat, fish, eggs, leafy greens, and green vegetables and supplementing with a B-vitamin complex if you feel depressed or fatigued. And for those who have chronic pain, even if it has been around for decades, it can be relieved and function can be improved with the guidance of the right health practitioner.

Related Reading:

• Increase your IQ with the Right Foods, Herbs, Vitamins
• How to Detoxify and Heal the Lymphatic System
• Holistic Guide to Healing the Endocrine System and Balancing Our Hormones

Sources:

• Oxytocin Attenuates Amygdala Responses to Emotional Faces Regardless of Valence — ScienceDirect
• Oxytocin specifically enhances valence-dependent parasympathetic responses. — NCBI
  Some Relevant Empirical Findings (Psychology, Psychophysics, Neuroscience) — Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
• Understanding the stress response — Harvard Health Publications
• How does the nervous system work? — PubMed Health
• Neural correlates of maintaining one’s political beliefs in the face of counterevidence — Nature
• Autonomic Nervous System — University of Washington
• CN X. Vagus Nerve. — Stritch School of Medicine
• Vagus Nerve Anatomy — Medscape
• Lavender oil as a treatment for agitated behaviour in severe dementia: a placebo controlled study — Wiley Online Library
• What Was I Thinking? Handling the Hijack — Psychology Today
• Chronic Disease Overview — CDC
• THE AMYGDALA AND ITS ALLIES — The Brain From Top To Bottom
• What do the data really say about essential oils? — Precision Nutrition
• Why smell is so closely connected to our memories and emotions — News Works
• The Teenage Brain: What on Earth Are They Thinking? — University of Wisconsin Health
• How Can Music Influence the Autonomic Nervous System Response in Patients with Severe Disorder of Consciousness? — NCBI
• Examining the Triggers of the Diving Reflex in Human Subjects — Aquatic Human Ancestor
• The effect of views of nature on autonomic control. — NCBI
• Phytochemicals Mediated Remediation of Neurotoxicity Induced by Heavy Metals — NCBI
• Exposure to Mixtures of Metals and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Review — NCBI
• B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy—A Review — NCBI
• Subtle Alterations in Brain Anatomy May Change an Individual’s Personality in Chronic Pain — NCBI

Sulforaphane is a miraculous compound that enhances brain function, promotes healthy fat distribution, and greatly reduces the risk of cancer, brain diseases, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. It is like a health insurance policy for your cells. And guess what? It’s all natural. Sounds like another supplement sales pitch, right? That’s what I thought when I first heard about it, but then I dug through the research.

In a scientific article published by Dr. Thomas W. Kensler and his colleagues, sulforaphane is described as one of…

…the most potent naturally occurring inducers of Nrf2 signaling.”

Nrf2 is a cytoprotective (cell-protecting) pathway that protects your cells from oxidative stress and removes toxins from the body. This means that nrf2 plays a key role in preventing and reversing common health issues like:

• Heart disease
• Diabetes
• Cancer
• Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain injury and other brain diseases
• Multiple sclerosis
• ALS
• Autism and other behavioral disorders
• Chronic pain
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Asthma

The best part is that you won’t have to climb to the top of a mountain or scavenge the Amazon jungle and sit through a 6-hour ceremony to reap the benefits of nrf2. All you need to do is eat cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and cabbage. Sulforaphane will be yours.

Related: Foods, Vitamins, and Herbs That Kill Cancer

Where Does Sulforaphane Come From?

Technically, sulforaphane does not naturally occur in cruciferous vegetables. A healthy, mature broccoli plant, for example, will contain no sulforaphane. However, as soon as the plant is damaged an enzyme called myrosinase is released that reacts with glucoraphanin, a compound that is sulforaphane’s precursor.

This process is not a gift from nature to ensure human health, it is actually the plant’s defense mechanism. Sulforaphane is designed to be toxic to the plant’s predators. In fact, it can be toxic to humans in large quantities. For example, when we ingest the majority of our calories from raw cruciferous vegetables, we can impair our thyroid function.

However, in small quantities, sulforaphane creates a hormetic effect. A hormetic effect is what happens when we gain beneficial effects from something that would be toxic or lethal in higher doses. For example, daily cold exposure triggers brown fat production. This is a healthier version of fat that increases our energy and heat production. This means that cold exposure has a hormetic effect on our bodies, but if we are exposed to frigid temperatures for too long, we will begin to accumulate frostbite instead of brown fat.

Although you won’t get frostbite from eating too many cruciferous vegetables, very high intakes of these vegetables have been found to cause hypothyroidism. This is because compounds in cruciferous vegetables called glucosinolates can be broken down into goitrins in the body. These goitrins interfere with the production of thyroid hormones causing hypothyroidism. However, if you maintain an adequate iodine intake, you will need to eat a lot more cruciferous vegetables to experience adverse effects. Fortunately, you won’t have to eat a tremendous amount of cruciferous vegetables. The benefits of sulforaphane can be experienced by eating just 3 to 5 servings per week. In fact, doing this may prevent cancer.

Cancer Prevention? Yeah, That Too

If you dig through the literature on sulforaphane, you will find an abundance of studies on cancer. Sulforaphane has been found to prevent the formation of breast, prostate, colon, skin, lung, stomach, and bladder cancer. One study found that a diet of three to five servings per week of cruciferous vegetables is sufficient to decrease the risk of cancer development by 30% to 40%. It was also found that consuming one portion of cruciferous vegetables per week is associated with a significantly reduced risk of oral cavity and pharynx, esophageal, colorectal, breast, and kidney cancer.

These profound effects are not only due to sulforaphane’s cell protecting properties. Sulforaphane also has the capacity to be selectively toxic to malignant cells, while simultaneously enhancing the detoxification of aflatoxins and airborne toxins like smoke. It also has been shown to have potent affects on the brain.

Brain Transformation

Sulforaphane is essential for brain health, especially in healing damaged brains. In cases of traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer’s disease, sulforaphane has been found to improve memory and learning abilities. Scientists think that this may be associated with its ability to promote neurogenesis and reduce the aluminum load in the brain.

Autism is also positively affected by sulforaphane. In one study, autistic children that supplemented with sulforaphane showed an improvement in social interaction, abnormal behavior, and verbal communication.

Related: Increase your IQ with the Right Foods, Herbs, Vitamins

Fat Loss & Gut Health

Studies have found that sulforaphane triggers the creation of brown fat in mice. Brown fat is a healthier form of fat storage that actually increases energy consumption.

Sulforaphane also improved the gut flora of mice compared to other mice that were fed the same diet without sulforaphane. This may mean that sulforaphane can change our body composition by promoting brown fat storage and a healthy gut flora while staving off unhealthy, inflammatory white fat.

Related: Gluten, Candida, Leaky Gut Syndrome, and Autoimmune Diseases

And There’s More

Studies have also found that sulforaphane aids in the reversal of fatty liver disease, preventing lung damage from inhaled toxins, reducing hypertension, and improving mood.

Okay. That’s it.

I am sure there is more, but that is enough of the science for today. Let’s get practical.

How to Get More Sulforaphane

Simply eating cruciferous vegetables is not enough to guarantee that you are getting sulforaphane in your diet. Many different environmental factors can cause glucoraphanin to not be converted into sulforaphane. And glucoraphanin is useless to the body.

One environmental factor that reduces the production of sulforaphane is heat. Studies have found that exposing cruciferous vegetables to temperatures higher than 158 degrees Fahrenheit deactivated the myrosinase enzyme leading to a sharp decrease in sulforaphane production. This suggests that cooking your cruciferous vegetables will rob you of the benefits of sulforaphane. But before you make a raw kale salad or have some raw broccoli to get your daily dose of sulforaphane, it is important to note that myrosinase activity decreases as the cruciferous vegetable matures. Luckily, there is a much easier and tastier way to increase the amount of sulforaphane in your meals.

The Best Source of Sulforaphane

Even if you eat raw broccoli or cauliflower, you are still getting 10 to 100 times less sulforaphane than when you eat 3-day-old broccoli sprouts. In fact, one ounce of broccoli sprouts can convert to as much sulforaphane as one-and-a-half pounds of mature broccoli. This is mainly because myrosinase activity is increased in young sprouts compared to adult plants. This increase in enzyme activity helps ensure that the vulnerable sprout can protect itself into adulthood.

The increased activity of the myrosinase enzyme in broccoli sprouts also helps you to convert the glucoraphanins from other vegetables in your meal to sulforaphane. You can reap these benefits with every salad by garnishing it with broccoli sprouts. Dr. Rhonda Patrick suggests adding around 2.5 ounces of broccoli sprouts to your daily smoothies, salad, or snack.

Supplementing with Broccoli Sprouts

Buying a broccoli sprout supplement may seem like the best option, but don’t let the tempting price of $10 a month fool you. This will cost you 20x more than buying broccoli sprouts in the store, and supplements can’t even guarantee that the myrosinase enzyme will be present or active.

When you buy fresh broccoli sprouts you can at least guarantee that you are getting sulforaphane in your diet. Store bought broccoli sprouts will cost you about $1 per ounce or you can easily grow them at home for the cost of around 9 cents per ounce.

Related: You Need Sulforaphane – How and Why to Grow Broccoli Sprouts

Conclusion

Sulforaphane is a compound that comes with a list of beneficial effects that gets longer as we continue to study it. You can reap the benefits of sulforaphane by eating around 5 servings of raw or minimally cooked cruciferous vegetables a week. However, the simplest and most effective way to consume sulforaphane is by eating broccoli sprouts.

Just one ounce of broccoli sprouts converts to as much sulforaphane as one-and-a-half pounds of mature broccoli. A reliable source of broccoli sprouts is your local organic food store, but this added expense can easily break your grocery budget. The cheapest way to supplement your diet with broccoli sprouts is by growing them at home. After 5-7 days you can have up to a half pound of sprouts for 10x less than the cost of broccoli sprouts in the store.

Related Reading:

• Detox Cheap and Easy Without Fasting – Recipes Included
• Foods, Vitamins, and Herbs That Kill Cancer
• Holistic Guide to Healing the Endocrine System and Balancing Our Hormones
• The Difference Between Heirlooms, Hybrids, and GMOs

Sources:

• Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling: A Target for Cancer Prevention by Sulforaphane — NCBI
• Sulforaphane treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) — NCBI
• Sulforaphane, a Dietary Component of Broccoli/Broccoli Sprouts, Inhibits Breast Cancer Stem Cells — NCBI
• Dietary Sulforaphane in Cancer Chemoprevention: The Role of Epigenetic Regulation and HDAC Inhibition — NCBI
• Frugal Chemoprevention: Targeting Nrf2 with Foods Rich in Sulforaphane — NCBI
• Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Upstream and Downstream Antioxidant Therapeutic Options — NCBI
• Sulforaphane, a phytochemical in broccoli sprouts, ameliorates obesity — Science Daily
• Sulforaphane improves cognitive function administered following traumatic brain injury — Science Direct
• Neuroprotective Effects of Sulforaphane on Cholinergic Neurons in Mice with Alzheimer’s Disease-Like Lesions — NCBI
• Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens. — NCBI
• Heating decreases epithiospecifier protein activity and increases sulforaphane formation in broccoli. — NCBI
• Refrigerating — Sprout People
• Potential health benefits of sulforaphane: A review of the experimental, clinical and epidemiological evidences and underlying mechanisms — Academic Journals
• Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens. — NCBI
• Myrosinase activity and total glucosinolate content of cruciferous vegetables, and some properties of cabbage myrosinase in Taiwan — Journal of the Science and Food Agriculture
• Brown Fat in Humans: Turning up the Heat on Obesity — Diabetes
• Sulforaphane Bioavailability from Glucoraphanin-Rich Broccoli: Control by Active Endogenous Myrosinase — NCBI
• Cruciferous Vegetables — Oregon State University

According to the CDC, heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States. On the surface it sounds dreadful, but this fact becomes good news when we realize that heart disease is preventable and, in some cases, reversible.

Heart Disease is Preventable and Can Be Reversible

Although there are many genetic factors that determine your risk of heart disease, it is still preventable and can be reversible. This is because the most common cause of heart disease, atherosclerosis, is caused by factors that are under our control.

Although atherosclerosis is technically the buildup of fatty plaques in your arteries, this does not mean that fat itself is the only factor to consider. In fact, many studies have shown that low-fat diets do not reduce the risk of heart disease at all.

Fat is Not Clogging Your Arteries

Atherosclerosis is not caused by fat clogging your arteries. Fat isn’t the problem. Atherosclerosis isn’t even the problem, it is the solution to the problem that is caused by oxidized LDL cholesterol.

Recommended: How To Heal Your Gut

LDL – The Misunderstood Lipoprotein

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is commonly referred to as “bad cholesterol”, but it is actually necessary for our survival.

Think of LDL as a superhero with a very short temper. LDL brings nutrients like cholesterol and vitamins to our cells, saving their lives from those evil free radicals. Unfortunately, if the LDL interacts with these free radicals in the blood, it begins to oxidize.

The now oxidized LDL goes on a temper tantrum causing damage to the endothelial cells (cells that line the inside of our blood vessels). The endothelial damage triggers macrophages (immune system cells) to try to keep the oxidized LDL from doing any more damage.

The macrophage convinces the oxidized LDL to hand in its superhero costume and become an inert, non-toxic fatty plaque that resides between the walls of the blood vessel. Our body creates this plaque to keep the oxidized LDL from damaging more cells, which is why atherosclerosis is part of the solution.

Product Recommendation: Lipicept Cholesterol Support • 120c – HCP Formulas

(Don’t) Just Take a Statin

After hearing that there is indeed a link between LDL cholesterol and heart disease, it is tempting take whatever we can to lower our cholesterol. This is why cholesterol-lowering drugs called statins are consistently among the top-selling prescriptions in the world.

One reason why statins are so prolific is because they work. In fact, They have been found to consistently lower plasma LDL levels by 25–35% and reduce the frequency of heart attacks by 25–30%. This is nothing short of miraculous, at-least until you learn what statins actually do.

Recommended: How To Reverse Fatty Liver Disease (Diet Plan Included)

The Dark Side of Statins

Statins work by inhibiting an enzyme called HMG-CoA reductase. When this enzyme is inhibited, cholesterol production by the liver is stopped, which leads to lower LDL levels in the blood. At the same time, inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase impairs our ability produce coenzyme Q10 – a molecule that is vital for cellular health and mitochondrial function.

Coenzyme Q1o allows our mitochondria to produce energy efficiently so our cells can survive and thrive. When our levels of coenzyme Q10 are low, the ability of our muscles to function and recover plummets. This causes muscle pain and inflammation, which also happens to be the most commonly reported adverse effect from taking statins. What a coincidence! Other common adverse effects from taking statins related to a lack of coenzyme Q10 are a decrease in cognitive function and liver damage.

It is also important to mention that having low cholesterol comes with its own side effects. Hormonal imbalances like low testosterone, increased fatigue, increased frequency of sickness, and reduced ability to digest fats may result from having low cholesterol. This is because cholesterol provides us with the building blocks for sex hormones, stress hormones, and bile salts that are necessary for survival.

There May Still Be a Place for Statins

Although statins do come with many risks, they may be helpful for people have genetic risk factors for heart disease. But even if you do have a family history of heart disease, you can still address it more effectively by naturally increasing the activity of your LDL receptors.

Recommended: Probiotics, Bacteria, and Our Health

The Best Way to Reverse Heart Disease

Our liver contains many of our LDL receptors. When these receptors are active, they draw excess LDL cholesterol back to the liver, giving it less of a chance to get oxidized and cause problems.

We can increase LDL receptor activity in 4 ways:

1. Reduce The Concentration of Cholesterol in the Liver

The liver is the regulator of cholesterol levels in the body. It produces cholesterol and sends it out to the cells using LDL particles and removes cholesterol by turning it into bile salts and excreting it in the feces.

When we eat high fiber foods like split peas, lentils, artichokes, peas, and broccoli, the fiber prevents the bile from being reabsorbed. This forces the liver to increase its LDL receptor activity to bring LDL cholesterol back to the liver and synthesize more bile.

This approach to controlling LDL cholesterol levels is not just theory. Studies show that heart-attack survivors who adopt a high-fiber diet reduce the risk of a recurrence by about 40 percent, compared to survivors who make no dietary changes. According to the American Heart Association Eating Plan, you can reap the benefits of fiber by increasing your fiber intake to 25 to 30 grams a day.

Studies have also shown polyunsaturated fats like omega 3s and 6s to decrease cholesterol, but this comes with the risk of increasing the oxidization of LDL. This is because polyunsaturated fats are easily oxidized, which can lead to an increase in oxidants and free radicals in the body. These compounds will then interact with LDL causing it to oxidize. For this reason, it may be best to limit the consumption of all polyunsaturated fats if you have heart disease.

2. Decrease Your Levels of Inflammation

Inflammation is the process that our body carries out to heal itself, and LDL cholesterol is an important player in this process. Whenever there is damage or trauma, the liver increases LDL output and decreases LDL receptor activity so that the LDL stays in circulation and aids the healing process. This is why when we are stressed, sick, or hurt our cholesterol levels will tend to be higher.

When our cells are constantly undergoing trauma due to our own immune system (autoimmune disease) or chronic toxic stress (due to emotional stress, environmental toxins, and/or dietary toxins), our system will be in a chronic state of inflammation with high cholesterol.

To reduce your inflammation, focus on removing toxins from your environment and diet, increasing the quality of your sleep, reducing emotional stress, and increasing your level of low intensity activities like walking or yoga. You can also supplement with anti-inflammatory foods like turmeric or vitamins like vitamin E and C to reduce oxidative stress.

You can track your inflammation levels by measuring your C-reactive protein levels with a blood test. C-reactive protein is created by the liver when there is inflammation in the body, so it is a great indicator for the level of inflammation in the body. Keeping your C-reactive protein level Below 1 mg/L is commonly suggested, but Dr. Chris Masterjohn suggests that it is best to keep it lower than .07 mg/L.

Related: What Causes Chronic Inflammation, and How To Stop It For Good

3. Improve Thyroid Function

If you are feeling depressed, losing your hair, and you have high cholesterol, you may need to improve your thyroid function. Low thyroid function leads to increased levels of cholesterol, while increased thyroid function may increase LDL receptor activity and decrease LDL cholesterol levels. This leads us to the conclusion that improving thyroid function, if you have an under-active thyroid, will reduce your risk of heart disease.

To improve thyroid function it is important to first reduce inflammation, which shuts down thyroid hormone production. It is also important to make sure that you are eating nutritious foods that leave you feeling satiated. When we are satiated from a nutrient dense meal, our thyroid gland gets a signal from the brain that we have enough energy. The thyroid gland responds to the signal by releasing thyroid hormones that improve cellular function throughout the body.

Sleep is also an important factor in improving thyroid function. Make sure you are sleeping at around the same time every night and getting enough sleep, so that you can wake up refreshed rather than tired.

Related: Hypothyroidism – Natural Remedies, Causes, and How To Heal the Thyroid

4. Improve Insulin Sensitivity

Type 2 diabetes is a major risk factor for heart disease and for good reason – insulin, LDL receptor activity, and thyroid function are intimately linked. For example, when the cells are resistant to insulin (a hormone that helps to stabilize high blood sugar), like in people with type 2 diabetes, it leads to a decrease in thyroid function and LDL receptor activity because the body is perceiving that food is scarce. The result is high cholesterol, high blood sugar, and an even higher risk of heart disease. On the other hand, thyroid function and LDL receptor activity increases when the cells are sensitive to insulin, which leads to stable blood sugar, lower cholesterol, and almost no risk of heart disease.

To increase your sensitivity to insulin, it is important to increase your activity level and decrease the amount of refined foods in your diet. Increasing your activity level by lifting weights, doing body weight exercises, and doing interval training will substantially improve your insulin sensitivity. Replacing refined foods with vegetables and fruits will increase your vitamin and fiber intake, which will help increase your insulin sensitivity and decrease your cholesterol.

Related: Holistic Guide to Healing the Endocrine System and Balancing Our Hormones

How to Measure Your Results

To see if your personal heart disease reducing lifestyle program was effective, check your total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio on your next blood panel. Your total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio should between 3 and 4 to ensure healthy cholesterol levels and a substantially reduced risk of heart disease.

Recommended Reading:

• How to Detoxify and Heal the Lymphatic System
• Candida, Gut Flora, Allergies, and Disease
• How to Cure Lyme Disease and Virtually Any Other Bacterial Infection, Naturally
• Heal Cavities, Gum Disease, Naturally with Organic Oral Care – Toothpaste recipes included

Sources:

Brain Enhancing, Fat Burning, Cancer Preventing, DIY Homemade Supplementation

It is not another drug or folk remedy. You can prevent many forms of cancer, improve gut health, establish healthy body fat composition, enhance brain function, detoxify your cells, and reduce depression with this one miracle compound.

It’s called sulforaphane, and it is naturally produced when cruciferous vegetables are damaged. We initiate the reaction that creates sulforaphane with the process of chewing, which allows us to reap a plethora of benefits that make the scientific research on sulforaphane look like a late night TV ad.

The Scientific Sales Pitch

Although there are many proposed effects of sulforaphane, let’s stick with what has been studied. Sulforaphane has been shown to prevent the growth of many cancers including breast, prostate, colon, skin, lung, stomach, and bladder cancer. The risk of common diseases like diabetes, heart disease, gastric disease, neurodegenerative disease, ocular disease, and respiratory diseases are reduced with the consumption of sulforaphane as well. Even behavioral disorders like autism have been helped with sulforaphane supplementation. And if that isn’t enough, sulforaphane has been shown to decrease fat gain and improve body composition in mice. All this is possible because sulforaphane stimulates protective and detoxifying mechanisms in the cells. This allows the cells to eliminate environmental toxins like mercury and air pollutants from the body and repair themselves from the damage caused by oxidative stress.

The Best Source of Sulforaphane

With positive and protective effects on almost every cell in the body, sulforaphane is like a health insurance policy for your cells. This compound can be found in raw or minimally cooked cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, kale, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts.

It is important to note that sulforaphane cannot be produced from vegetables that are cooked at a temperature above 158 degrees Fahrenheit. This is because the enzyme that helps create sulforaphane is deactivated when is heated above 158 degrees Fahrenheit.

The enzyme that helps create sulforaphane may also become less active in mature cruciferous vegetables, so it is uncertain how much sulforaphane you will actually get from mature plants. This is where crucifer sprouts save the day. Due to their increased enzyme activity, crucifer sprouts are the best source of sulforaphane. But one sprout, in particular, may provide the most sulforaphane of them all. That sprout is the broccoli sprout.

Where To Get Broccoli Sprouts

After seeing the benefits of broccoli sprouts it is tempting to add that $10 bottle of broccoli sprout capsules to your cart, but don’t let the tempting price fool you. At $10 per bottle, you are spending 20x more than if you bought broccoli sprouts in the store, and supplements can’t even guarantee that they actually have any sulforaphane or enzyme activity.

With store bought broccoli sprouts you can at least guarantee that you are getting sulforaphane in your diet. However, store bought broccoli sprouts will run you about $1 per ounce when you can easily grow them at home for the cost of ~9 cents per ounce.

With one 64 oz mason jar, a seed strainer lid, broccoli seeds, a glass bowl, and water you can grow up to 15 pounds of sprouts per pound of broccoli seeds. That means you can have a half pound of sprouts every week for over 6 months. Fifteen pounds of broccoli sprouts would cost you $240 if you bought them in the store or almost $5,000 in capsule form, and you can get them for less than $50.

How to Grow Your Own Broccoli Sprouts

Growing your own broccoli sprouts is simple and easy. It doesn’t require gardening skills, and after less than a week you can have up to half a pound of delicious broccoli sprouts for the cost of less than a dollar.

Here is what you need:

• Organic broccoli seeds for sprouting (~$15 per pound)
• A 64-ounce mason jar (~$10 per jar)
• Strainer sprouting lids that fit the mouth of your jar (~$9 per lid)
• A glass bowl
• A cool, dark place
• Optional: full spectrum light
• Optional: salad spinner

Estimated yield: 3 tablespoons of seeds will most likely sprout to a half pound of broccoli sprouts in about 5-7 days.

Step by Step Guide to Sprouting Your Broccoli Seeds

Step 1

Put 3 tablespoons of broccoli seeds in your mason jar, cover the seeds with cool, distilled water or spring water (60-70 degrees Fahrenheit), and swish the water around gently. Put your mason jar, with the sprouting lid on, in a cool dark place for 6-12 hours to allow the seeds to soak.

Step 2

Drain off the water by tipping the mason jar to let the water pass through the strainer. Take the glass bowl and rest your mason jar inside of it so that the remaining water can drain. Put it in a cool dark place for 8-12 hours to let the seeds drain and sprout.

Tip: make sure the jar is tipped enough so that the seeds can drain and have adequate airflow. The most common cause of poor sprouting is inadequate drainage.

Step 3

Rinse the seeds 2x daily and put the jar back in the bowl in a cool dark place so it can drain. It might help to set reminders on your phone.

Here’s what mine looked like 60 hours after the beginning of the first rinse:

Tip: Try not to expose them to too much light until most of them are sprouted with tiny yellowish leaves.

Step 4

After 3 to 4 days you will notice white sprouts with tiny yellowish leaves coming from the seeds. When this happens for most of your seeds, you can begin exposing them to indirect sunlight or a full spectrum light bulb so that they can start to green up. Continue to do the same rinsing process as before.

84 hours after the beginning of the first rinse:

Step 5

After a day or two of light exposure, rinse them once again, and let them drain overnight. The next morning they will be ready to eat!

After the first day of sun exposure:

The finished product, about 6 ounces of broccoli sprouts from 2 and a half tablespoons of broccoli seeds:

Bonus Step: How to Increase Sulforaphane content by 3.5x

Studies have actually been conducted to find out how to increase the bioavaliability of sulforaphane from broccoli sprouts. One study found that If you want to get the most out of your broccoli sprouts, you must never expose them to temperatures greater than 70 degrees Celsius (158 degrees Fahrenheit). However, if you let them sit in 65 to 70 degree Celsius (149 to 158 degrees Fahrenheit) water for 10 minutes, you can increase sulforaphane content by around 3.5 fold. The greatest increase was found at 70 degrees Celsius (158 degrees Fahrenheit) with a rapid decrease when the sprouts were exposed to greater temperatures.

To try this broccoli sprout hack at home all you need is a pot, thermometer, a glass bowl, a timer, water, and your broccoli sprouts. Put your broccoli sprouts in a glass bowl while you heat up the water in the pot until it reaches 70 degrees Celsius. Cover your sprouts with the water and set your timer for ten minutes. Check the temperature of the water that the sprouts are in every couple of minutes and add 70 degree Celsius water to the broccoli sprouts periodically to maintain the temperature between 65 and 70 degrees Celsius. After 10 minutes, drain the sprouts, pat they dry, eat them, add them to a smoothie, or store them in the refrigerator.

If that description was to confusing, check out how Dr. Rhonda Patrick hacks her broccoli sprout sulforaphane content:

How to Store Your Sprouts for up to Six Weeks

To keep the sprouts fresh and nutritious for six weeks follow these steps:

1. Eight to twelve hours after the final rinse and drain, pat your sprouts dry and/or use a salad spinner until the sprouts are reasonably dry. Nothing kills produce quicker than refrigerating it wet.
2. Put the sprouts in a plastic bag or container that will ensure minimal exposure to air. If they are exposed to too much air they may dry out completely.
3. Refrigerate them for up to six weeks and eat them whenever and however you like.

Enjoy!

Recommended Reading:

• Fight Cavities and Gingivitis Naturally With Homemade DIY Oral Health
• Total Nutrition – Make your own Homemade Multivitamin and Mineral Formula
• Natural, Safe Sunscreen Options with Homemade Sunscreen Recipe
• How To Make Natural Body Butters That Actually Moisturize Your Skin

Sources:

• Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling: A Target for Cancer Prevention by Sulforaphane — NCBI
• Sulforaphane treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) — NCBI
• Sulforaphane, a Dietary Component of Broccoli/Broccoli Sprouts, Inhibits Breast Cancer Stem Cells — NCBI
• Dietary Sulforaphane in Cancer Chemoprevention: The Role of Epigenetic Regulation and HDAC Inhibition — NCBI
• Frugal Chemoprevention: Targeting Nrf2 with Foods Rich in Sulforaphane — NCBI
• Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Upstream and Downstream Antioxidant Therapeutic Options — NCBI
• Sulforaphane, a phytochemical in broccoli sprouts, ameliorates obesity — Science Daily
• Sulforaphane improves cognitive function administered following traumatic brain injury — Science Direct
• Neuroprotective Effects of Sulforaphane on Cholinergic Neurons in Mice with Alzheimer’s Disease-Like Lesions — NCBI
• Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens. — NCBI
• Heating decreases epithiospecifier protein activity and increases sulforaphane formation in broccoli. — NCBI
• Refrigerating — Sprout People
• Potential health benefits of sulforaphane: A review of the experimental, clinical and epidemiological evidences and underlying mechanisms — Academic Journals
• Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens. — NCBI

Aging is an inevitable process that we go through, and it has the most profound effects on the brain. After the age of 40, the brain decreases in volume by at least 5% every decade, and this rate increases with age. This loss in volume translates to a loss of long-term memory, slower reaction times, decreased working memory, slower processing speeds, and detriments in sensory and/or perceptual function. These effects can be reduced and even reversed by addressing these four processes:

1. Neuronal Cell Death

In our adolescence, we have 1.5x more neurons in our brain than we do as an adult. As we learn and grow, our brains form new synaptic connections that allow our neurons to communicate. This allows us to do the things that we want to do efficiently.

As we reach our early 20’s, our brain starts to refine its connections. Underused neurons undergo apoptosis or programmed cell death. This is a natural process that allows us to remain good at what our environment requires us to do while unneeded neurons and synaptic connections are removed.

Neuronal cells can also be damaged and eventually die due to traumatic injury, environmental toxins, cardiovascular disorders, infectious agents, and genetic diseases.

2. Reduction in Synapses and Synaptic Plasticity

As we age, the amount of dopamine and serotonin in our brain decreases. This leads to a decrease in synapses (the connections that allow for communication between neurons.)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) activity also decreases with age. BDNF increases our ability to form new synaptic connections (synaptic plasticity) and triggers the development of new brain tissue (neurogenesis).

3. White Matter Damage

The white matter of our brain is made of myelinated axons. These are like electrical cables that carry the signal from one neuron to another. As we age, the myelination (fatty insulation) of these axons deteriorates. This process is what reduces our reaction time as we age.

4. Impaired Vascular Function

The health of our circulatory system is as important for brain health as it is for heart health. The primary cause of impaired vascular function is oxidative damage that leads to inflammation and plaque build up. This process is caused by consistent exposure to environmental toxins, refined foods, trans fats, and/or head trauma. Damaged blood vessels lead to an easily permeated blood-brain barrier that allows toxins and infectious agents in. The brain’s ability to receive nutrients and remove waste (like beta amyloid plaque) will also be impaired.

Brain Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

These four changes are largely to blame for the effects that aging has on our cognitive function. This process is accelerated to a catastrophic degree in people with Alzheimer’s disease.

Alzheimer’s Disease: Brain Aging Accelerated

What makes Alzheimer’s disease so catastrophic is that it accelerates the synaptic damage and neuronal loss common with aging, while impairing the regenerative properties of the brain. This leads to a rapid decrease in brain volume and function.

Many genetic and environmental factors lead to the accelerated damage of neurons and their synapses. In a brain with Alzheimer’s disease, this leads to the accumulation of beta amyloid plaque and damage of the neurofibrillary tracks that help move nutrients and other key materials throughout the cell. As plaque builds up and the tracks become tangled it leads to a snowball effect of neuronal damage and cell death throughout the brain. This unforgiving process is what makes Alzheimer’s disease the sixth leading cause of death among older adults.

Although genetics, specifically the APOE genes, play a major role in our brain health and the progression of Alzheimer’s, there are many things we can avoid, changes we can make, and treatments we can use to improve brain health and reduce neurodegeneration due to age and Alzheimer’s Disease.

Yes, you can teach an old dog new tricks, but first, we must understand what accelerates the aging of the brain and Alzheimer’s Disease.

How to Shrink Your Brain

Do the Same Thing Every Day

Every time we reach past our comfort zone by learning or experiencing something new, we increase the rate of neurogenesis and make new synaptic connections. On the other hand, if we do the same things every day without reaching beyond our competency, our brain will focus on pruning down its synaptic connections and more neurons will undergo apoptosis. As the process continues, your brain will become smaller and smaller.

Eat A lot Oxidized Polyunsaturated Fats and Trans Fats

When these fats enter our body they create chaos in the circulatory system which leads to an immune response to deal with the trouble that the oxidized fat and trans fat is causing. Our body handles these fats by depositing it as plaque which leads to atherosclerosis. This process also occurs in our brain, which contributes to the accumulation of beta amyloid plaque and tangling of the neurofibrillary tracks.

Eat Plenty of Refined Sugars

High blood sugar levels are associated with the increased risk of Alzheimer’s Disease. When blood sugar is high, the sugars tend to interact with the residues of proteins. Together they form glycation end-products (AGEs). These AGEs create oxidative damage and inhibit enzymes like macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) that are important for protecting the brain aging.

Make Sure You Are Chronically Stressed

Although acute stress can enhance your learning ability, chronic stress impairs working memory and prefrontal cortex function. When the function of the prefrontal cortex is impaired, we cannot reason effectively, and our emotions can take hold and control us more easily.

Live in a Polluted Environment

The process of brain aging and Alzheimer’s disease is accelerated by the accumulation of metals in the brain. The primary way that this can happen is through the nose. Nanoparticles of metals from car exhaust, industrial pollution, and smoking can cross the olfactory areas of the brain and accumulate in areas, like the hippocampus that are most affected by Alzheimer’s Disease.

Drink Alcohol Every Day

Drinking alcohol accelerates the shrinkage of the brain, which leads to cognitive decline that mirrors the symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease.

The best way to reduce brain aging is by eliminating the things from your life that age your brain. There are many other factors that contribute to brain aging that we have not discussed, but we know for sure that if you continue doing any of these six things, your brain will start shrinking rapidly.

How to Grow Your Brain & Keep It from Aging

Increase Your Physical Activity

Increasing your physical activity can improve brain volume and reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by up to 50%. Even people who had mild symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease increased their brain volume by increasing their physical activity. This means that you can grow your brain by simply taking a walk every day.

These profound effects are due to the fact the exercise helps reduce inflammation, anxiety, and insulin resistance, while stimulating growth factors (like BDNF mentioned above) that improve the health of your brain cells and blood vessels.

Do Something New Every Day

When we were children, we were filled with curiosity. Every moment was an experiment that led to a new discovery like walking or crawling. During this phase of development, our brains were primed and ready to form new synaptic connections, so that we could thrive in our environment. By the time we are in our 20s, our brains are almost fully developed, and we begin to form patterns and habits, leaving our curiosity behind.

As we age, we must stimulate our curiosity again by learning new things, going on adventures, and reaching outside of our comfort zone every day. This will trigger a process in the brain called scaffolding, which stimulates the brain to form new connections with different neurons in new ways. This allows the brain to function more efficiently and age gracefully.

Drink Coffee or Tea

Habitual caffeine intake may protect against cognitive impairment. In studies done on mice, caffeine has been found to suppress the buildup of beta-amyloid plaque in the brain. On the other hand, OLM’s stance on coffee is not positive; try circumin:

Try Circumin

Like caffeine, circumin can prevent plaque build up, and it removes plaque as well. This potent anti-inflammatory molecule makes up 5-10% of turmeric. It is known to lower cholesterol, reduce oxidative damage, and remove metals that accumulate in the brain like iron and copper. Check out How To Optimize Curcumin Absorption for more on circumin.

Supplement with Vitamin B3 and B1

UCI scientist Kim Green conducted a study on the effect that nicotinamide (vitamin B3) has on mice with Alzheimer’s disease. This B Vitamin completely prevented the loss of cognition in the mice. Clinical trials are now being carried out using vitamin B3 as a treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease.

Thiamine or vitamin B1 is also a promising treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. Our brain uses up 20% of our energy, and in doing so, it uses enzymes that depend on thiamine for their function. When we don’t have enough thiamine, it can lead to memory deficits and excessive plaque buildup. With enough thiamine, the cells in the brain can metabolize sugar effectively and function properly.

Cook with and Consume Coconut Oil

Coconut oil, especially the medium chain triglycerides found in coconut oil, provide an alternative fuel source for brain cells, which may prevent neuronal cell death. It has been found to help improve cognitive function in women with Alzheimer’s, people without type 2 diabetes who had Alzheimer’s, and people with severe cases of Alzheimer’s. Coconut oil is also a great oil to cook with because it is not easily oxidized like polyunsaturated oils. Check out what else coconut oil can do for you.

Eat More Cruciferous Vegetables

Cruciferous vegetables contain sulforaphane, a compound that activates a transcription factor called Nrf2.What this means is that sulforaphane helps to set off a cascade of processes that detoxify and protect the body and brain from oxidative damage. sulforaphane works synergistically with circumin to reverse the aging of our cells due to oxidative damage.

The best source of sulforaphane is broccoli sprouts, and they can easily be sprouted at home in 7-9 days. If you don’t have access to broccoli sprouts, any cruciferous vegetables will do. Check out this salad recipe.

Increase Your Acetylcholine

Acetylcholine is the most used neurotransmitter in the brain and body. It is essential for muscle contraction, alertness, concentration, focus, and memory. Feeding your body with the components of acetylcholine and/or blocking the enzyme that breaks it down can be very effective for reducing the effects of brain aging and Alzheimer’s disease.

One of the primary components of acetylcholine is choline, and it is an essential nutrient that you must include in your diet. The best sources of choline are egg yolks, heavy cream, fatty fish, fatty meats, and liver. Make sure you source your meat, dairy, fish and eggs for people that treat their animals humanely and feed them what they are meant to eat. This will ensure that your animal products have a high amount of good quality fats and choline.

To ensure your brain gets the choline it needs, you can take a supplement like Alpha-GPC. This is a form of choline that can easily cross the blood-brain barrier. DMAE is another supplement that increases the level of acetylcholine in the brain while reducing beta amyloid plaque.

Other supplements like galantamine and huperzine-A increase acetylcholine in the brain by preventing the enzyme cholinesterase from breaking down acetylcholine.

What if Nothing is Helping?

Take the holistic approach, and improve your brain health by improving the health of your whole body. The gut and the brain are inexorably linked. Just like you can dimish cognitive function with poor health choices, you can improve brain function with a better diet. Research in brain regenration is making groundbreaking strides lately. Recently, many studies on mice have surfaced that use commonly used technologies, like ultrasound, to reverse Alzheimer’s disease. In one study researchers used a “…focused therapeutic ultrasound, which non-invasively beams sound waves into the brain tissue.” These sound waves activated the brain’s microglial cells so that they could do their job of removing the beta amyloid plaque. The results were tremendous with 75% of the mice with Alzheimer’s disease regaining their cognitive function. This means that this treatment may help reverse Alzheimer’s disease by using the brain’s own natural waste removal processes. This may be the miracle we have been searching for to treat Alzheimer’s.

Related Reading:

• The Alzheimer’s Aluminum Connection – Organic Lifestyle Magazine
• Increase your IQ with the Right Foods, Herbs, Vitamins
• Mental Health, Physical Health & B Vitamins – Nature’s Valium
• Holistic Guide to Healing the Endocrine System and Balancing Our Hormones

Related Products:

• Shillington’s Brain Tonic
• Coconut Oil
• Vitamin B
• Beneficial Fats

Sources:

• Ageing and the brain — NCBI
• Brain Tour — Alz.org
• Molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease — NCBI
• Oxidative stress in brain aging, neurodegenerative and vascular diseases: An overview — Science Direct
• Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is subjected to glucose modification and oxidation in Alzheimer’s Disease — Nature
• Repeated Stress Causes Cognitive Impairment by Suppressing Glutamate Receptor Expression and Function in Prefrontal Cortex — NCBI
• Alcohol Use and the Risk of Developing Alzheimer’s Disease — NIH
• Why neurons die: cell death in the nervous system. — NCBI
• Different kinds of physical activity shown to improve brain volume, cut Alzheimer’s risk in half — Science Daily
• The Adaptive Brain: Aging and Neurocognitive Scaffolding — Annual Reviews
• Caffeine suppresses β-amyloid levels in plasma and brain of Alzheimer’s transgenic mice — NCBI
• The effect of curcumin (turmeric) on Alzheimer’s disease: An overview — NCBI
• Vitamin B1 (thiamine) and dementia. — NCBI
• Vitamin B3 reduces Alzheimer’s symptoms, lesions — UCI News
• [COCONUT OIL: NON-ALTERNATIVE DRUG TREATMENT AGAINST ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE]. — Europe PMC
• The Nrf2/ARE Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Neurodegenerative Disease — NCBI
• How to Improve Memory with Acetylcholine — University Health News
• Galantamine–a novel cholinergic drug with a unique dual mode of action for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. — NCBI
• Toxic air pollution particles found in human brains — The Guardian
• New Alzheimer’s Treatment Fully Restores Memory Function — Science Alert

The pain is in your head.

Seriously, it is.

Knee pain, lower back pain, sciatica pain, and even stomach pain would never exist if it wasn’t for the brain.

However, any practitioner who says your pain is in your head without giving you a means to deal with it, shows their ignorance.

Let’s explore what is really meant by  “the pain is in your head“.

Pain is the Brain’s Way of Protecting You

You are walking without shoes on and suddenly your pinky toe slams into the corner of a wall. Small nerves in your toe called nociceptors send this noxious stimulus (potentially dangerous information) to your spinal cord, which then relays the message to the thalamus of your brain. The brain receives the message that something dangerous has happened in the area of your left pinky toe. At this point, there is a brief pause as your brain decides how to react, and then… ouch! you feel the pain intensify so fast that you can’t help but yell.

It hurts, but as you keep moving, it begins to feel better. After 15 minutes, you forget that it even happened. A couple hours later, you go to put your shoes on and… ouch! The pressure on your pinky toe feels as if you stubbed your toe again. This is a natural protection mechanism called central sensitization that is elicited by the brain to keep you from overusing the damaged tissue as it heals. After a few more days, your pinky toe is back to normal.

This is the stereotypical story of pain and it is referred to as nociceptive pain. The tissue is damaged in some way, the brain receives the signal and creates pain and inflammation for healing, and it heals.

Simple.

It may even sound too simple, and that’s because it is.

Pain Is Your Brain’s Opinion

Pain is an opinion on the organism’s state of health rather than a mere reflective response to an injury. There is no direct hotline from pain receptors to ‘pain centers’ in the brain.” – Vilayanur S. Ramachandran, Neuroscientist

The pain that your brain creates depends on many more factors than just tissue damage. These other factors are what can turn nociceptive pain into chronic pain. For more on brain health, check out Increase your IQ with the Right Foods, Herbs, Vitamins, and Exercises for Your Brain.

When Pain Becomes Chronic

Chronic pain is usually defined as pain lasting longer than 12 weeks. There are at least two ways to create chronic pain in the body:

1. Chronic Re-injury

One cause of chronic pain is chronically re-injuring damaged tissues. If you keep stubbing your toe, your toe will never heal, and you will continue having pain.

Chronic pain with the primary cause being chronic tissue re-injury usually has these attributes:

• There are specific movements that always make the pain worse (ex. it hurts hurts every time the lower back is rounded forward.)
• The pain is consistently in one area, and there is no pain anywhere else.
• The pain slowly gets worse with an increase of demand on the tissues (ex. lifting more than usual or working more often)
• Pain is relieved when the painful tissues are not being used.
• There is inflammation around the site of pain.

If your pain is consistent with these criteria then letting the injured tissue heal will most likely relieve the pain. For this type of chronic pain, it is best seek guidance from a skilled physical therapist that can help provide you with treatments to speed the healing process, exercises to strengthen your body, and lifestyle modifications that relieve your pain.

It makes sense that the brain would create pain in cases of chronic tissue re-injury, but what happens when pain cannot be explained by tissue damage?

2. Chronic Central Sensitization

Central sensitization is one of the processes our body carries out in response to tissue damage. When you stub your toe,  your toe (and the tissues around it) becomes hypersensitive to any other stimulus like hot, cold, or pressure, so that your body can heal the damaged tissue without interruption. This is absolutely necessary for your survival because if your body can’t move properly due to damage then you can’t protect yourself from danger.

However, there is one important caveat to mention — your brain cannot tell the difference between real danger and perceived danger. This means that the mechanism of central sensitization can become active even when there is no tissue damage.

Pain is a Response to Danger, Not Damage

The perception that you have hurt yourself can create a pain response even when there is no real damage.

Here is a perfect example of how the brain does this from the British Medical Journal in 1995:

A builder aged 29 came to the accident and emergency department having jumped down on to a 15 cm nail. As the smallest movement of the nail was painful he was sedated with fentanyl and midazolam. The nail was then pulled out from below. When his boot was removed a miraculous cure appeared to have taken place. Despite entering proximal to the steel toecap the nail had penetrated between the toes: the foot was entirely uninjured.

Throughout our daily lives, we tend to do the same thing as the builder. We react to danger when danger is not there, which leads to more pain and tension. If danger begins to paint every moment of our day, it can lead to chronic pain and symptoms of depression like helplessness. This explains why depression has been found to be a better predictor of low back pain than MRI findings.

Another factor that can increase pain sensitivity and make pain chronic is chronic inflammation. Inflammation is necessary for the body to heal damaged cells from the cells of a stubbed toe to the cells that are damaged by toxic exposure. When the damage becomes chronic so does the inflammation. This only adds to the “DANGER!” messages that the brain is already receiving. Not only does this make pain more intense and stick around longer, it lengthens the healing process as well.

Become Your Own Pain Relief Specialist

Everything you do, you become better at. The longer you are in pain, the better your brain gets at creating the pain.

Luckily, the opposite is true as well. You can reverse and, in most cases, completely relieve chronic pain by practicing these simple pain relief principles:

1. Give Your Brain More Pain-Free Input

Have you ever hit your hand on something and immediately began rubbing it with your other hand? This actually helps, but not in the way you think.

Rubbing our hand when it is in pain feeds our brain with non-threatening information. According to the Gate Control Theory of pain, this stimulation provides enough non-threatening information to the brain that it overwhelms the “DANGER!” signals. In response, your brain decreases pain.

Although relieving pain is more complex than simply giving your brain pain-free information all the time, applying these ideas to chronic pain can be very effective. For example, instead of focusing on what you can’t do because of the pain, focus on things that you can do that you enjoy. This will show your brain that you are not in danger, while you give it more positive information than threatening information.

For the activities that are painful that you can’t do without, try new ways of moving that don’t provoke pain. If this doesn’t work, try the other suggestions on this list before doing the activities that are normally painful.

2. Stimulate the Parasympathetic Nervous System

Pain is a response to danger. When we experience life as a persistent string of dangerous and uncertain events then our brain will chronically respond with pain and sympathetic nervous system activation. In this state of uncertainty, our brain will not allow our parasympathetic nervous system to activate. This makes it impossible for our bodies to rest, digest, and recover.

The simplest way to activate your parasympathetic nervous system is by breathing. Try letting go of all the air in your lungs for the longest exhale of your life. Inhale through your nose, deep into your abdomen, and finish the breath by letting your rib cage gently expand. Finally, let go of your air once again for an even longer exhale than before.

When you have a nagging pain or even a nagging thought, bring your attention to your breath. This will activate your parasympathetic nervous system and relieve pain and tension.

3. Reduce Chronic Inflammation

In order to reduce inflammation we must be mindful of our diet and environment. Refined foods, sugar, oxidized fats, pesticides, commercial bread products, factory farmed animal products, and other toxic ingredients like aspartame and MSG all damage the cells in our body and lead to inflammation. If we decrease our consumption of these foods, we will be able to stop the accumulation of damage and inflammation. Environmental factors that cause cell damage like polluted air can be removed by using indoor plants like Sansevieria trifasciata laurentii and Areca palm, which have been found to improve air quality and reduce pollution tremendously.

4. Cognitive Functional Therapy

Cognitive functional therapy is one of the most effective treatments for reducing chronic low back pain and is most likely effective for other forms of chronic pain as well. This kind of therapy targets the beliefs and fears of each individual regarding their pain and how it effects their lives.

The first step in cognitive functional therapy is to understand the different causes of pain and how chronic pain can be related more to fear, anxiety, and negative beliefs than actual damage. Motivational interviewing is also used to find new ways of moving and relating to the body that make activities more enjoyable. During this process, the person who has chronic pain gains confidence in themselves because they realize that they are not broken. In fact, their body is strong and adaptable.

Becoming Your Own Cognitive Functional Therapist

To come up with your own solutions right now, make a list with 2 columns.

Label one column “Danger” and the other “Safety”. Under the “Danger” column right down everything that makes your pain worse and everything that makes you feel stressed from a smell to an activity. In the “Safety” column write all the activities or things that you enjoy, feel safe doing, and that don’t create pain. Add more of the things in your “Safety” column to your life while reducing the amount of
“Danger” you experience.

If you can’t eliminate specific things in the “Danger” column from your life, try using the other suggestions in this article like breathing. Deep breathing will reduce the amount of danger you feel while you are doing the activity, which will lead to parasympathetic activation and less pain.

For example, is the action of bending over in the “Danger” column because it creates pain? Try taking deep breathes before and while you are bending over, it will most likely feel better.

5. Find a Quality Health Practitioner

If you want some guidance on your journey to becoming pain-free, find a quality health practitioner (physical therapist, doctor, chiropractor, etc.) that meet these criteria:

• They look at the body from a biological, psychological, social, and environmental perspective and how each one can contribute to your pain.
• They make sure you understand what is going on in your body and let you know why they are doing a certain treatment or prescribing a specific exercise.
• They don’t religiously use one modality or another. Instead, they use the appropriate modalities for you.
• After every session, you have a decrease in symptoms, more confidence, and know exactly what to do to progress on your own.
• They admit to you if they cannot help you and refer you to someone who can.

If most of these criteria are met by your health practitioner then you are probably good hands. If you are not sure, then check in with yourself by asking yourself these questions.

• Do you have a clearer understanding of what is going on in your body?
• Are you feeling better than you did before you started seeing that practitioner?
• Do you know what to do to continue the progress on your own?
• If you can’t confidently answer these questions then that practitioner may not be right for you.

Conclusion

Pain is the brain’s response to danger, whether it is perceived or real. A real danger like the damage caused by stubbing your toe will provoke a pain and inflammation response that decreases and disappears as the damage is healed. A perceived danger may lead to a pain response as well, but if perceived dangers become chronic, so will the pain.

Chronic pain can be relieved by activating the parasympathetic nervous system, doing more of what you love, moving in different ways that don’t provoke pain, reducing chronic inflammation by changing your diet and environment, and removing perceived dangers from your life.  If you need guidance, don’t hesitate to find a skilled practitioner to help you relieve your pain.

Most importantly, we must remember that we are not damaged goods. Our bodies are strong and adaptable. Just because you feel pain now does not mean that you have to feel pain for the rest of your life.

Related Reading:

• Mercury Fillings, Root Canals, Cavitations – What You Need to Know
• What Causes Chronic Inflammation, and How To Stop It For Good
• Understanding Stress, Chronic Stress, and Adrenal Fatigue
• Naturally Treat Multiple Sclerosis – Therapies, Diet, Pain Management, Alternative Medicine
• How to Cure Lyme Disease and Virtually Any Other Bacterial Infection, Naturally

Sources:

• Efficacy of classification-based cognitive functional therapy in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. — NCBI
• Pain and Why It Hurts — University of Washington
• Three-year incidence of low back pain in an initially asymptomatic cohort: clinical and imaging risk factors. — NCBI
• Central sensitization: Implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain — NCBI
• A pain neuromatrix approach to patients with chronic pain. — NCBI
• Learned Helplessness in Humans: Critique and Reformulation — Appalachian State University
• Is there a link between pain and depression? Can depression cause physical pain? — Mayo Clinic
• MRI Reveals Relationship Between Depression And Pain — Science Daily
• Longitudinal associations between incident lumbar spine MRI findings and chronic low back pain or radicular symptoms: retrospective analysis of data from the longitudinal assessment of imaging and disability of the back (LAIDBACK). — NCBI
• Depression Can Lead To Back Pain — Science Daily
• Chronic Pain: Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment — NIH Medline Plus
• Pain is Weird — Pain Science
• The sympathetic nervous system and pain. — NCBI
• A study of interior landscape plants for indoor air pollution abatement — Archive
• DIM SIMs — Noijam
• Classification based cognitive functional therapy for back pain — Body in Mind

Your brain is the commander-in-chief of your body. It constantly receives information from your internal and external environment and decides the best course of action to take for your survival. The brain carries out this action by sending messages through the nerves of the nervous system to the appropriate parts of the body.

For example, when the sympathetic nervous system is activated, it will help simultaneously change the behavior of the heart, lungs, eyes, brain, digestive system, adrenal glands, bladder, and skeletal muscles. All of this is done to achieve one goal – survival. On the other hand, the parasympathetic branch of the nervous system stimulates digestion, recovery, and rest throughout the organs of the body when we are not faced with a threat.

These two branches of the autonomic nervous system help us explain how our brain controls our body, but can our body control our brain?

You are the Sum of Your Neurobiology

In his book, Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain, Neuroscientist David Eagleman explains:

…who you are depends on the sum total of your neurobiology.”

Neurobiology is dictated by more than just the brain. Just like any government, even a dictatorship, the leader is influenced by other members of the governing body. Even though the brain can affect every organ in the body through the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the nervous system, the brain cannot veto the power of the gut.

Our Second Brain

The gut is sometimes known as our second brain. In fact, it has its own branch of the nervous system called the enteric nervous system that can function on its own, even if it is disconnected from the brain.

The enteric nervous system also resembles a brain because it:

• has glial cells to support the neurons in the gut
• contains 500 million neurons
• uses 40 (and possibly many more) neurotransmitters
• produces 50% of the body’s dopamine (important for motility)
• produces 95% of the body’s serotonin (important for the enteric nervous system’s growth & cell protection)
• has a barrier that resembles the blood brain barrier
• may even have its own memory

How the Gut Influences the Brain

The brain and gut are intimately connected by the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve connects with most of the organs and plays a prominent role in activating the parasympathetic nervous system.

Around 90% of the signals passing along the vagus nerve come not from the brain, but from the enteric nervous system to the brain. This is because one of the brains most effective ways of learning about its environment is through the gut, and this relationship starts before we are even exposed to the outside environment.

The Development of the Brain & Gut Connection

When we were in the womb, we were constantly picking up signals about the outside environment.

Is there enough food?

Is it safe out there?

What adaptions will I need now to ensure survival?

All of these questions were answered by the chemical signals that we received from our mothers through the umbilical cord, and the development of our brain and gut depended heavily on these signals. For example, if there was a lack of nutrition in our mother’s diet, we may be predisposed to obesity due to altered metabolic function.

What we are feed in our youth also greatly impacts the development of our gut and its enteric nervous system. Breastmilk is essential because it promotes oxytocin and serotonin release, which promotes gut growth and the development of a healthy gut microbiome. When the gut is able to develop with a healthy gut microbiome, the risk of food allergies and gut issues later on in life is greatly reduced. A damaged gut, on the other hand, increases the risk of obesity, depression, anxiety, autism, multiple sclerosis, and cardiovascular disease.

Other common diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s may actually start in the gut. For example, in people that died from Parkinson’s disease, scientists found the same protein clumps that damage dopamine-producing neurons in the gut as they did in the brain. The same phenomenon exists in people with Alzheimer’s disease. Plaques and tangles that form in the brain of people with Alzheimer’s disease also form in their gut. This means that we may be able to use gut biopsies to diagnose and treat these conditions before they take hold of the brain.

Stress and the Gut

When we are stressed our sympathetic nervous system is activated to prepare our body for survival. At the same time, the hormone Ghrelin is released from our stomach. Ghrelin is known as our hunger hormone because it stimulates appetite and promotes fat storage. This explains why when we are stressed we may feel the compulsive need to eat.

Ghrelin also inhibits serotonin activity, which leads to digestive issues and increased anxiety and depression over time. Anxiety leads to more ghrelin production, and this starts a vicious cycle of stress that may have been triggered by a stressful fetal or neonatal environment.

Recommended Reading: How Candida Leads to Depression, Anxiety, ADHD, and Other Mental Disorders

Irritable Bowel Syndrome – When Gut & Brain Disharmony Becomes Chronic

Stress also increases the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a digestive disorder that affects 10-15% of the world population. IBS  is what happens when the enteric nervous system, gut, gut microbiome, and brain are in disharmony.

It usually begins with a stressful childhood. Traumatic events, like maternal separation, can lead to a dysfunctional connection between the brain and gut. If these children are also feed the wrong food, their gut microbiome will not develop correctly. This establishes a dysfunctional gut microbiome that does not produce the substances needed for a healthy gut and a healthy enteric nervous system.

If the child continues to be deprived of nutrient dense food and human connection, their immune system will become hyperactive, leading to food allergies and a chronic state of stress. This vicious cycle of brain, gut, and gut microbiome disharmony continues into adulthood until it is defined as IBS.

Recommended Reading: Gluten, Candida, Leaky Gut Syndrome, and Autoimmune Diseases

The Gut, Brain, and Behavioral Disorders

The enteric nervous system, gut, gut microbiome, and brain disharmony play an essential role in the development of neurological/behavioral disorders like autism, ADHD, and various mood disorders. Antibiotics, environmental, infectious agents like vaccines, and other forms of neonatal stress create gut dysbiosis (imbalance in gut bacteria) and vagus nerve dysfunction. These two factors set the stage for neurological/behavioral disorders by stimulating an already hyperactive immune system and sympathetic nervous system that causes children to be extremely impulsive and in a state of persistent hyper-arousal. If these children are then fed a highly refined diet that keeps their blood sugar levels high, their symptoms will continue to get worse.

You may have actually experienced a small taste of what it’s like to have ADHD or autism the last time you ate processed foods filled with toxins. When you eat highly refined, toxin laden foods, your body must fire up its immune system and sympathetic nervous system to protect you from the threat. This will cause blood flow to be directed away from your prefrontal cortex while your blood sugar rises. When your blood sugar is high, it creates plaque build up in the brain and impairs blood vessel function, which reduces  your cognitive abilities. Combine that with the lack of activity in your prefrontal cortex, and you will feel impulsive and anxious and make illogical decisions.

When you add stress and poor food choices together, it creates a cascade of negative effects in the gut microbiome, gut, enteric nervous system, and the brain that lead to poor decision-making, a greater incidence of pain, more allergies, and more disease.

But don’t worry, even if your environment was filled with stress and poor food options from the womb to adulthood, even if you were diagnosed with ADHD, IBS, autism, depression, chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease, and/or Alzheimer’s disease, you can still restore the harmony between your gut, gut microbiome, enteric nervous system, and brain.

Synchronizing the Gut and Brain

One of the most effective ways to improve your health is by starting with what you put in your body. When you feed your body what it needs while eliminating the foods that cause issues, you will establish a healthy gut microbiome, heal your gut lining, and improve the function of your enteric nervous system. This will send the message to the brain that you are not under attack, the immune system will calm down, and your body will be able to rest and reverse disease.

Improving Brain Health with the Gut

Limit Your Consumption of FOD MAPs

FOD MAPs is an acronym that stands for:

• Fermentable – meaning they are only broken down through fermentation
• Oligosaccharides – made up of individual sugars joined together in a chain
• Disaccharides – a double sugar molecule
• Monosaccharides – a single sugar molecule
• And Polyols – sugar alcohols

These are short-chain carbohydrates that tend to be poorly digested by those with digestive issues like IBS. This is because when the FOD MAPs make their way through the digestive tract, they draw water into the large intestine from surrounding areas, which leads to bloating. Simultaneously, the bacteria in the large intestine starts digesting the FOD MAPs and producing gas which builds up along with the water. The intestines expand, the message is sent to the brain, and it responds with more pain, discomfort, and stress.

Eating a low FOD MAP diet has showed promising effects in treating people with IBS and may transfer to others with a comprised digestive system. It is commonly suggested to limit the consumption of  FOD MAPs for 3-8 weeks to help balance the gut microbiome, heal the gut, and reduce symptoms. After that time, it is best to slowly re-introduce high FOD MAP foods into your diet to see which ones are safe to eat and which ones cause the most issues for you.

Recommended Reading: Detox Cheap and Easy Without Fasting - Recipes Included

Eliminate Foods that Cause Problems for You

Food sensitives and allergies are becoming more and more common and the link between stress, the immune system, and the gut is mostly to blame. When the body is in a stressed and inflamed state, your immune system and gut may react to previously harmless foods as if they are a threat to the body.

To reduce your food sensitives and allergic reactions, start by eliminating these common, allergy-causing foods from your diet:

• Milk
• Eggs
• Peanuts
• Tree Nuts
• Soy
• Grains with gluten in them (wheat, barley, rye, and oats)
• Fish
• Shellfish

When you eliminate some of these foods from your diet, you may notice that you have more energy and less stress. This is a sign that you may be sensitive or allergic to one or more of the foods that you eliminated. Keep in mind that almost any food can trigger an allergy. If a certain food item always makes you feel worse after eating it then it is safe to say that you should eliminate it from your diet.

Think of this approach as a temporary experiment designed to see what the ideal diet is for you. After a couple weeks of eliminating a specific food from your diet, try periodically reintroducing that food back in. You may find that you can eat eggs or almonds again, and they make you feel energized now!

Recommended Reading: Increase your IQ with the Right Foods, Herbs, Vitamins, and Exercises for Your Brain

Increase Your Fiber Intake

Fiber cannot be broken down by the body, so bacteria in the intestines feast on it. As a result, the bacteria produce butyrate. This short chain fatty acid helps to improve the function of the digestive tract and protect and enhance brain function.

Supplement with Probiotics

Probiotics have been found to reduce anxiety and depression. In studies done on mice, the amount of lactobacillus in their gut effected the amount of a metabolite in the blood called kynurenine, which has been shown to drive depression. Probiotics also help produce serotonin in the gut, which has protective effects against irritable bowel syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis.

Recommended Reading: Probiotics, Bacteria, and Our Health

Make Sure You Consume Enough Folate and Vitamin B12

Folate and Vitamin B12 are essential for brain health, nervous system function, and overall health. They also help to prevent depression and heart disease. On its own Vitamin B12 decreases the loss of brain volume with age, while increasing cognitive function.

Although these vitamins are produced by the gut microbiome, we are not sure how much is actually made and absorbed by the body. It’s best to make sure you are consuming animal products like pasture raised eggs for Vitamin B12 and plenty of organic dark leafy green vegetables for folate.

Increase Your Intake of Omega 3s and Decrease Omega 6s

The omega 3 fatty acids, DHA and EPA, are effective at reducing the symptoms of depression, and positive effects may carry over to other neurological disorders as well. This is partly due to the decrease in inflammation that is associated with diets that are lower in omega 6s and higher in omega 3s.

To decrease the amount of omega 6s in your diet, replace vegetable, seed, and soybean oils with highly saturated fats like coconut oil, butter, ghee, and tallow. If you need a liquid oil for salad dressing use avocado oil or olive oil.

Omega 3s are best when consumed as minimally cooked and processed as possible. Wild caught salmon, sardines, mackerel, and oysters are great sources of DHA and EPA.

Before You Eat, Improve Your Gut with Your Mind

Before you take the first bite of food from your brain and gut revitalizing meal, take a deep diaphragmatic breath. This will stimulate your vagus nerve and prepare your body to digest your food. Chew each bite thoroughly, enjoy every flavor, and take at-least one deep breath after every couple of bites.

Use your brain to improve your gut and your gut to improve your brain. If you apply this advice to your life, you will replace the vicious cycle of disease with a nutritious cycle of vitality.

Related Articles:

• Candida, Gut Flora, Allergies, and Disease
• How to Improve Brain Health and Reduce the Risk of Alzheimer’s
• How to Detoxify and Heal the Lymphatic System
• Holistic Guide to Healing the Endocrine System and Balancing Our Hormones
• Increase your IQ with the Right Foods, Herbs, Vitamins, and Exercises for Your Brain

Recommended Supplements:

• Shillington’s Brain Tonic
• B Complex
• Shillington’s Cayenne Tincture
• Krill Oil
• Omega-3 w/CoQ10
• Shillington’s Intestinal Cleanse
• Formula SF722
• Floramend-Prime by Thorne

Sources:

• Probiotic Found in Yogurt Can Reverse Depression Symptoms — Neuroscience News
• Brain-gut axis in health and disease — Gastroenterology
• The microbiota–gut–brain axis: neurobehavioral correlates, health and sociality — Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
• The Dutch Hunger Winter and the developmental origins of health and disease — PNAS
• Impact of stress and stress physiology during pregnancy on child metabolic function and obesity risk — NCBI
• Immune Responses to the Microbiota at the Intestinal Mucosal Surface — Cell
• Gut instincts: The secrets of your second brain — New Scientist
• An Integrative Review on Role and Mechanisms of Ghrelin in Stress, Anxiety and Depression. — NCBI
• Ghrelin inhibited serotonin release from hippocampal slices — Research Gate
• Maternal separation as a model of brain–gut axis dysfunction — Psychopharmacology
• Facts About IBS — About IBS
• Even More Evidence Has Linked Parkinson’s Disease to Our Gut Bacteria — Science Alert
• Sugar and the Brain — Harvard Medical School
• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Is it Time to Reappraise the Role of Sugar Consumption? — NCBI
• Stress and Allergic Diseases — NCBI
• Butyrate, neuroepigenetics and the gut microbiome: Can a high fiber diet improve brain health? — Science Direct
• Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis and Its Effect on Neuropsychiatric Disorders With Suspected Immune Dysregulation — Clinical Therapeutics
• Treatment of depression: time to consider folic acid and vitamin B12. — NCBI
• Vitamin B12 status and rate of brain volume loss in community-dwelling elderly. — NCBI
• The Complete Beginner’s Guide to a Low FODMAP Diet — Diet Vs Disease
• Microbes Help Produce Serotonin in Gut — Caltech
• Omega-3 fatty acids in depression: a review of three studies. — NCBI
• David Eagleman’s Incognito: Not The Masters Of Our Destinies — Science 2.0